201 lines
3.9 KiB
Groff
201 lines
3.9 KiB
Groff
.TH qmail-upgrade 7
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.SH "NAME"
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qmail-upgrade \- user-visible differences between qmail and sendmail
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.SH "INTRODUCTION"
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You will notice some differences
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when the system switches from
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.B sendmail
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to
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.BR qmail .
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.TP 5
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1.
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.B qmail-local
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sends incoming mail to
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.B ~\fIyou\fB/Mailbox
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by default,
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not
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.BR /usr/spool/mail/\fIyou\fB .
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Your system administrator has changed your
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.B MAIL
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environment variable so that your mail reader looks for
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.BR ~\fIyou\fB/Mailbox .
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.B \fR(\fB/usr/spool/mail
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is a massive security problem.)
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.TP 5
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2.
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.B qmail-local
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pays no attention to
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.BR .forward .
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It has a much better mechanism,
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.BR .qmail ,
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so that you can handle not only forwarding
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but even your own mailing lists.
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See below for more details.
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.TP 5
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3.
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.B qmail-local
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pays no attention to
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.BR /etc/aliases .
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Your system administrator
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can use the
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.B .qmail
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mechanism instead.
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See below.
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.TP 5
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4.
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.B qmail
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does not support the
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.B \e\fIyou\fB
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mechanism
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for ignoring aliases.
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The
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.B .qmail
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mechanism is much more flexible;
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see below.
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.TP 5
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5.
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.B qmail-inject
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has a completely different philosophy from
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.B sendmail
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on interpreting non-fully-qualified host names.
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It uses fixed rules, not DNS.
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Some examples at UIC:
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.EX
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russet -> russet.math.uic.edu
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.br
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newton -> newton.math.uic.edu
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.br
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ut.ee -> ut.ee (a host in Estonia)
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.br
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ut.ee+ -> ut.ee.uic.edu
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.br
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uicvm+ -> uicvm.uic.edu
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.EE
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Here the
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.I default domain name
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(for hosts without dots)
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is
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.B math.uic.edu\fP,
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and the
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.I plus domain name
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is
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.B uic.edu\fP.
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.TP 5
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6.
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Unlike
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.BR sendmail ,
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.B qmail-inject
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doesn't replace host names with canonical names.
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Example:
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.B qmail-inject
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won't change
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.B postmaster@ftp.cs.berkeley.edu
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in your header to
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.BR postmaster@kohler.cs.berkeley.edu .
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.TP 5
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7.
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.B qmail-local
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adds a new field,
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.BR Delivered-To ,
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before every delivery.
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It uses the contents of
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.B Delivered-To
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to prevent mail forwarding loops.
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.TP 5
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8.
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If you send a message with only
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.B Bcc
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recipients,
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.B qmail-inject
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will add
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.B Cc: recipient list not shown:;\fR,
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rather than
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.BR sendmail 's
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privacy-invading
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.B Apparently-To
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header field.
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.SH "QMAIL MAILING LISTS"
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.B sendmail
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deals with aliases, forwarding, and mailing lists
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at the very heart of the mail system.
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.B qmail
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takes a radically different approach.
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It gives you the power to set up your own mailing lists without
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pestering your system administrator.
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Under
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.BR qmail ,
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you are in charge of all addresses of the form
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.B \fIyou\fBBREAK\fIanything\fR.
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The delivery of
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.B \fIyou\fBBREAK\fIanything
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is controlled by
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.B ~\fIyou\fB/.qmail-\fIanything\fR,
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a file in your home directory.
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For example, if you want to set up a
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bug-of-the-month-club mailing list,
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you can put a list of addresses into
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.BR ~\fIyou\fB/.qmail-botmc .
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Any mail to
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.B \fIyou\fBBREAKbotmc
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will be forwarded to all of those addresses.
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Mail directly to
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.B \fIyou\fB
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is controlled by
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.BR ~\fIyou\fB/.qmail .
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You can even set up a catch-all,
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.BR ~\fIyou\fB/.qmail-default ,
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to handle unknown
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.B \fIyou\fBBREAK
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addresses.
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Your
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.B .qmail
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files, like your old
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.BR .forward ,
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may list files,
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forwarding addresses,
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or other programs to run.
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(But beware that the syntax is a bit different;
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see
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.B dot-qmail(5)
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for more details.)
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.B qmail-local
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automatically
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detects forwarding loops the instant they occur,
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even if they happen indirectly through other hosts.
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As a helpful special case, if a
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.B .qmail
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file is empty, it refers to
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.BR ~\fIyou\fB/Mailbox .
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For example, if you touch
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.BR ~\fIyou\fB/.qmail-direct ,
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mail for
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.B \fIyou\fBBREAKdirect
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will act like
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.B \e\fIyou\fB
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did under
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.BR sendmail .
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Addresses that don't contain a username are handled by the
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.B alias
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user.
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For example, your system administrator has set up
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.B ~alias/.qmail-postmaster
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to handle mail for
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.BR Postmaster .
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(Note to administrators:
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.B ~alias
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doesn't apply to addresses that start with a user name,
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with certain exceptions.)
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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addresses(5),
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dot-qmail(5),
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envelopes(5),
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qmail-header(8),
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qmail-inject(8)
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